Texas A&M University (TAMU) BIOL 351 Fundamentals of Microbiology Exam 1 Practice

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• What is the correct order of taxonomic classification from broadest to most specific?
• Which cytoskeletal protein helps determine where the septum will form during division?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^9?
• Among the ~60 conserved genes between all organisms, those of eukarya are most similar to which group?
• Which term describes classification that emphasizes evolutionary history and branching relationships rather than only visible characteristics?
• Which eon occurred around 4.6 billion years ago, marking the formation of Earth's crust and oceans and the origins of cellular life?
• Which eon occurred about 2.5 billion years ago and includes the Great Oxidation Event and ozone development?
• Which medium would best support growth of a microbe with unknown exact nutrient composition?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^9?
• Where is the periplasmic space located in Gram-positive bacteria?
• How are cubes formed by bacteria?
• Inclusion bodies provide which advantage to the cell?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-6?
• Acidophile grows best at acidic pH.
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-18?
• What is the earliest evidence of chemiosmosis?
• Coccus refers to which bacterial morphology?
• Which eon directly precedes the Phanerozoic eon?
• Which researchers are credited with proposing the three-domain system?
• Which cytoskeletal protein is essential for cell curvature, found in Vibrio species?
• Which macroelement is a common cofactor for many enzymes and part of chlorophyll?
• Which term describes organisms that do not tolerate O2 and die in its presence?
• Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
• Phylogenetic classification is best described as classification based on what?
• Which statement correctly distinguishes disinfectants from antiseptics?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-3?
• Which of the following statements is true about inclusion bodies?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-6?
• Group translocation is defined as which of the following?
• Cyanophycin granules contain which amino acids?
• Approximately when did life arise on Earth?
• Which three elements are the primary components of carbohydrates?
• Which arrangement is most consistent with Staphylococcus dividing along several random planes?
• Bacillus refers to which morphology?
• According to the source material, multicellular organisms first appeared during which eon?
• D-amino acids are described as amino acids involved in what role?
• Which eon occurred around 3.6 billion years ago and is associated with cyanobacteria and photosynthesis, as well as the divergence of bacteria and eukarya?
• What is the effect of flagella rotating clockwise?
• Which are the basic parts of a bacterial flagellum?
• Why are small subunit ribosomal RNA genes used for phylogenetic comparisons?
• Which of the following are methods to kill endospores?
• Which trio of elements is contained in carbohydrates as macroelements?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain electrons from reduced inorganic material?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^6?
• Which of the following is not listed as a growth factor in the material?
• Which statement best describes alkaliphiles?
• Which organism is typically the smallest and simplest?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-2?
• What are ways to obtain carbon?
• The growth form of Sarcina is which?
• Siderophores aid in bringing iron into the cell by binding Fe3+.
• Which term describes organisms whose growth is completely dependent on O2?
• The eukaryotic ribosome is composed of which two subunits?
• Which protein is tubulin-like and localizes to the center of the cell to aid in division?
• Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which chemical disinfectants kill bacteria, according to the material?
• Which feature is unique to archaeal membranes?
• Which macroelements are contained in proteins?
• Which statement about the periplasmic space in Gram-negative bacteria is true?
• Which statement about the prokaryotic ribosome's subunit composition is true?
• Which term describes organisms whose optimum growth temperature is human body temperature (37 C)?
• Porins are located in which part of Gram-negative bacteria?
• The Cambrian Explosion is listed under which eon in the source material?
• Inclusion bodies are used for what purpose?
• Which two antibiotics inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis?
• Which type of organism retains the crystal violet-iodine complex after the decolorization step in Gram staining?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-15?
• MamK is an actin-like protein whose function is to
• Spirochetes are described as?
• Which macroelements are contained in nucleic acids?
• Which of the following best describes the purpose of using phylogenetic trees in taxonomy?
• Which term refers to curved rods?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain carbon by oxidizing organic material?
• Growth factors include which of the following?
• Which statement best describes the flagellum's placement relative to cell structures?
• In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell.
• A neutrophile has an optimum growth between pH 5.5 and 8.0.
• Which term describes organisms that obtain carbon from CO2?
• Which macroelements are contained in lipids?
• Complex medium is described as...
• The prokaryotic ribosome is composed of which two subunits?
• Where is the periplasmic space located in Gram-negative bacteria?
• What is the size of eukaryotic ribosomes?
• Which term describes a rod-shaped bacterium?
• Which domain divergence occurred earliest in evolution according to gene analyses?
• What feature is unique to bacterial cell walls?
• Which arrangement is typical for Streptococcus?
• The small subunit rRNA signature sequence commonly used to identify bacteria is which RNA?
• Which molecules are free to cross the plasma membrane without transport proteins?
• What is the effect of flagella rotating counterclockwise?
• In ribosomal RNA gene analysis, which statement about regional evolution is true?
• Which subunit RNA is used for bacterial identification in ribosomal RNA analysis?
• Which list contains the ten macroelements commonly required by cells?
• Phototrophs obtain energy from which source?
• Which statement about plasma membranes is true?
• Defined medium is best described as...
• Filamentous bacteria are described as?
• Which cytoskeletal protein is actin-like and forms patch-like filaments under the plasma membrane to define cell shape?
• Which organism forms cubes?
• Where is the flagellum located in a bacterial cell?
• Carboxysomes contain which enzyme used for CO2 fixation?
• In Gram staining, which reagent is used during the decolorization step?
• Which term describes organisms whose optimum growth is between pH 8.0 and 11.5?
• Which eon occurred approximately 0.5 billion years ago and is associated with the first animals and the extinction of dinosaurs?
• What is the correct sequence of reagents in Gram staining?
• Which arrangement is produced by division along several random planes?
• Which statement best defines nutrients in microbial physiology?
• During which eon did the Great Oxidation Event occur according to the source material?
• Endoflagella are anchored in the periplasmic space in which type of bacteria?
• The growth form of Streptococcus is which of the following?
• FtsZ is a tubulin-like protein that localizes to the center of the cell to aid in which process?
• Which element is not among the ten listed macroelements for cells?
• Which term describes organisms whose optimum growth temperature is from 55-80 C?
• Which macroelements are contained in nucleic acids?
• Which cytoskeletal protein positions magnetosomes in a straight line under the cell membrane?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain electrons from organic material?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-9?
• Organotrophs obtain electrons from organic material.
• Which arrangement describes Staphylococcus growth?
• How are chains or pairs formed by bacteria?
• Which item is NOT a basic part of the flagellum?
• The three-domain model was proposed based on analyses of which genetic marker?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^3?
• Phenotypic classification is best described as classification based on which criteria?
• Which terms describe organisms that obtain electrons from inorganic materials and organic materials, respectively?
• The endoflagellum is anchored in which part of the bacterial cell?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^3?
• Which group contains the smallest and simplest organisms?
• What do autotrophs primarily use as their carbon source?
• Which metabolism describes organisms that obtain electrons from inorganic compounds?
• Which of the following is a mechanism by which chemical disinfectants kill bacteria?
• Which type of peptidoglycan contains a peptide interbridge?
• Which functions do fimbriae primarily provide to bacteria?
• Which macroelement is a central component of chlorophyll?
• Which statement accurately describes archaeal membrane lipids?
• What are ways to obtain energy?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-9?
• Which of the following is NOT a cytoskeletal protein?
• What is the size of prokaryotic ribosomes?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-12?
• Septation is division into parts by a septum.
• Which macroelements are contained in proteins?
• Chemotrophs obtain energy from which source?
• Which of the following is listed as a major chemical disinfectant in the material?
• In a hypotonic solution, water tends to move into the cell.
• Gas vesicles in cyanobacteria and aquatic organisms primarily function to:
• How are clusters formed by bacteria?
• Lithotrophs obtain electrons from inorganic materials.
• What is the first reagent used in Gram staining?
• ABC transporter stands for what?
• Which term describes curved or loose spirals?
• Which statement correctly describes the effect of flagellar rotation direction on movement?
• Growth factors, as described, include which categories?
• Which statement about FtsZ is correct?
• D-amino acids in bacterial cells are described as providing protection against degradation by proteases in what structure?
• Which statement best defines nutrients in microbial physiology?
• Which prefix corresponds to 10^-3?
• Siderophores are molecules that bind iron and facilitate its uptake.
• Did bacteria and archaea or eukarya and archaea diverge first?
• Which domain's conserved genes are most similar to eukarya?
• Binary fission is the division of a cell into two.
• The growth form of Staphylococcus is which?
• Which feature is shared by the plasma membranes of bacteria and eukaryotes?
• Which two polymers are most commonly found in organic inclusion bodies?
• Phototrophs obtain energy from which source?
• Which data supported the proposed three-domain classification of life?